… Heinrich Heine - Biographie. Over the years, he published many books that became popular among readers. Heine und seiner Ehefrau Elisabeth, geb. Heinrich Heine hatte drei Geschwister: Charlotte (geb. Heine was born on 13 December 1797, in Düsseldorf, in what was then the Duchy of Berg, into a Jewish family. He was the eldest of four children. Heinrich Heine Deutscher Dichter, Journalist, Essayist und Literaturkritiker Heinrich Heine (1797–1856) ist einer der bedeutendsten deutschen Autoren. He was the eldest of four children. Heine was born of Jewish parents. After a lot of struggle for the inheritance, it was eventually settled by granting his uncle’s family a right of censorship over his writings. Are prose and poetry the same? The uncle sent Heine to universities in Bonn, Berlin and Gottingen, where he studied law and earned his degree in 1825. They were ‘Die Romantische Schule’ (The Romantic School) and ‘Zur Geschicte der Relgion and Philosophie in Deutschland’ (On the History of Religion and Philosophy in Germany). Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He was buried at a cemetery in Montmartre, Paris. His father was a handsome and kindly but somewhat ineffectual merchant; his mother was fairly well educated for her time and sharply ambitious for her son. Due to suppression by the government, he eventually fled to France. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Premium Membership is now 50% off! They are bittersweet and self-ironic, displaying at the same time poetic virtuosity and a skepticism about poetic truth; their music is now liquid, now discordant, and the collection as a whole moves in the direction of desentimentalization and a new integration of the poet’s self-regard in the awareness of his artistic genius. Some of his well-known works are ‘Buch der Lieder’ (The Book of Songs), ‘Die Romantische Schule’ (The Romantic School), and ‘Neue Gedichte’ (New Poems). Heinrich Heine was born on 13th December 1797, in Dusseldorf, Germany, which was at the time known as Duchy of Berg. The place offered him cultural richness, which he had been unable to find in any city in Germany. This changed when he met Julius Campe, who eventually became his chief publisher for life. He wrote a series of penetrating newspaper articles about the new order in France, which he collected in book form as Französische Zustände (1832; “French Affairs”) and followed with two studies of German culture, Die Romantische Schule (1833–35; The Romantic School) and “Zur Geschichte der Religion und Philosophie in Deutschland” (1834–35; “On the History of Religion and Philosophy in Germany”), in which he mounted a criticism of Germany’s present and recent past and argued the long-range revolutionary potential of the German heritage of the Reformation, the Enlightenment, and modern critical philosophy. Some of the pieces were drawn from a journey to England Heine made in 1827 and a trip to Italy in 1828, but the finest of them, “Ideen. Oktober 1899 in Hamburg), Gustav (geb. He completed his higher education in Gottingen, Bonn and Berlin. However, he was unable to find a permanent well-paying position, and in 1831, he eventually went to Paris, where he stayed for the rest of his life. Heine’s pre-university years are rather obscure, but during this period he apparently conceived an infatuation for one, and possibly both, of his uncle’s daughters, neither of whom had the slightest notion of mortgaging her future to a dreamy and incompetent cousin. Heinrich Heine, in full Christian Johann Heinrich Heine, original name (until 1825) Harry Heine, (born Dec. 13, 1797, Düsseldorf [now in Germany]—died Feb. 17, 1856, Paris, France), German poet whose international literary reputation and influence were established by the Buch der Lieder (1827; The Book of Songs), frequently set to music, though the more sombre poems of his last years are also highly regarded. His father was Samson Heine, a textile merchant. The information, revealed after the French Revolution of 1848, that he had been receiving a secret pension from the French government, further embarrassed him. “Die Harzreise” (“The Harz Journey”) became the first piece of what were to be four volumes of Reisebilder (1826–31; Pictures of Travel); the whimsical amalgam of its fact and fiction, autobiography, social criticism, and literary polemic was widely imitated by other writers in subsequent years. He also found employment, working as a French correspondent in the newspaper ‘Allgemeine Zeitung’, for which he covered several important events. Save 50% off a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Though Heine remained on good, if not intimate, terms with Marx in later years, he never was much taken with Communism, which did not fit his ideal of a revolution of joy and sensuality. Black Friday Sale! He was distantly related to Karl Marx, German economist and philosopher, with whom he later corresponded. When the July Revolution of 1830 occurred in France, Heine did not, like many of his liberal and radical contemporaries, race to Paris at once but continued his more or less serious efforts to find some sort of paying position in Germany. Heinrich Heine continued to write poems and in 1844, he published ‘Neue Gedichte’ (New Poems), a collection of poems featuring attacks of a satirical nature on German Romanticism. Der Lyriker und Schriftsteller gilt als Vollender und Überwinder der deutschen Romantik. In 1834 he found in an uneducated shopgirl, Crescence Eugénie Mirat, whom for some reason he called “Mathilde,” a loyal if obstreperous mistress. The first group, “Neuer Frühling” (“New Spring,” written mostly in 1830/31), is a more mannered reprise of the love poems of Buch der Lieder, and the volume also contains some ballad poetry, a genre in which Heine worked all his life. 13. ältester Sohn des jüdischen Textilkaufmanns Samson. Heinrich Heine was born on 13th December 1797, in Dusseldorf, Germany, which was at the time known as Duchy of Berg. It is also said that his poetry started the post-Romantic crisis. A final collection, Gedichte 1853 und 1854 (Poems 1853 and 1854), is of the same order. The steady growth of Heine’s fame in the 1820s was accelerated by a series of experiments in prose. Though he studied law, he eventually turned his attention to literature and poetry. After he had been educated in the Düsseldorf Lyceum, an unsuccessful attempt was undertaken to make a businessman of him, first in banking, then in retailing. Author of. But troubles were soon hard upon him. About the time that he met Marx, he also wrote another long poem, Atta Troll. Professor of German, Yale University. Heinrich (Harry) Heine was born in Düsseldorf on December 13, 1797. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heinrich_Heine-Oppenheim.jpg. Metzler, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-476-01965-9. Heine attended the lycée in Düsseldorf but ended his schooling without a diploma. Heinrich Heine is known to have had several love affairs. Due to the anti-Jewish laws of that time, he had to convert to Protestantism to be able to pursue a career in civil service. 1803 in Düsseldorf; † 15. In the spring of 1831 he finally went to Paris, where he was to live for the rest of his life. The sound of Romantic poetry was firmly lodged in Heine’s ear; but the Romantic faith, the hope for a poeticization of life and the world to overcome the revolution, alienation, and anxiety of the times, was not in his heart. His mother’s name was Peira. His critical and satirical writings brought him into grave difficulties with the German censorship, and, at the end of 1835, the Federal German Diet tried to enforce a nationwide ban on all his works. van Gel-. Auflage. 1797. In 1834, he got acquainted with a young girl named Crescence Eugenie Mirat, with whom he started a relationship. 3., überarb. His nervous system became damaged by a venereal disease, and he also became partly blind. The Top 25 Wrestling Announcers Of All Time, Famous Role Models You Would Like To Meet. ca. Campe was a liberal who used to publish works of mostly dissident authors. Das Buch Le Grand” (1827; “Ideas. Though his exile was initially voluntary, it was turned into an imposed one. He was called "Harry" in childhood but became known as "Heinrich" after his conversion to Lutheranism in 1825. Heine earned much popularity in Paris within a short time. He had originally been attracted by the new Saint-Simonian religion (a socialistic ideology according to which the state should own all property and the worker should be entitled to share according to the quality and amount of his work); it inspired in him hopes for a modern doctrine that would overcome the repressive ideologies of the past and put what he variously called spiritualism and sensualism, or Nazarenism (adherence to Judeo-Christian ideals) and Hellenism (adherence to ancient Greek ideals), into a new balance for a happier human society. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Popular across the world, especially for his lyric poetry, his works were often set to music by composers like Robert Schumann and Franz Schubert. Who Is The Greatest Female Warrior In History? Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. She remained with him till his death. Oktober 1800 in Düsseldorf; † 18. Heine's father, Samson Heine (1764–1828), was a textile merchant. Out of the emotional desolation of this experience arose, over a period of years, the poems eventually collected in The Book of Songs. His book ‘Buch der Lieder’ (The Book of Songs) is one of his best and internationally reputed works. Though Heinrich Heine looked for a job, he was interested only in writing. Another section is called “Zeitgedichte” (“Contemporary Poems”), a group of harsh verses of political satire. Heine became involved in the German Romantic movement as well. He became part of the Young German Movement. At that time, it was very difficult to earn a living as a professional writer. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. But the second group, “Verschiedene” (“Varia”), is made up of short cycles of sour poems about inconstant relationships with the blithe girls of Paris; the disillusioning tone of the poems was widely misunderstood and held against him. Conditions there were even less appealing; his inevitable oppo… However, this only helped them gain further popularity. Heinrich Heine – Weltbekannter deutscher Journalist und Schriftsteller Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (1797-1856) gilt als einer der bedeutendsten deutschen Schriftsteller, Dichter und Journalisten des 19. Test the long and short of your poetic knowledge in this quiz. Dezember: Harry Heine wird in Düsseldorf als. Heine’s early years in Paris were his happiest. Eventually, his uncle was prevailed upon to finance a university education, and Heine attended the universities of Bonn, Göttingen, Berlin, and Göttingen again, where he finally took a degree in law with absolutely minimal achievement in 1825. Even after the July Revolution occurred in 1830 in France, Heinrich Heine continued staying in Germany, unlike many of his liberal and radical friends who decided to move to Paris. His mother Peira (known as "Betty"), née van Geldern (1771–1859), was the daughter of a physician. Updates? In 1840–43 he wrote another series of newspaper articles about French life, culture, and politics, which he reedited and published as Lutezia, the ancient Roman name for Paris, in 1854. The worst of his sufferings, however, were caused by his deteriorating health. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/heinrich-heine-8824.php, Celebrities Who Look Beautiful Even Without Makeup. Also Known As: Christian Johann Heinrich Heine, Spouse/Ex-: Crescence Eugénie Mirat (m. 1841), siblings: Charlotte Heine, Gustav Heine von Geldern, Maximilian Meyer Heine, Notable Alumni: Humboldt University Of Berlin, University Of Bonn, University Of Göttingen, education: University of Bonn, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Göttingen, See the events in life of Heinrich Heine in Chronological Order. ca. He never practiced law, however, nor held a position in government service; and his student years had been primarily devoted not to the studies for which his uncle had been paying but to poetry, literature, and history. He was surrounded by police spies, and his voluntary exile became an imposed one. In 1814 he attended the merchant school and began an apprenticeship at a bank in Frankfurt in 1815. His third volume of poems, Romanzero (1851), is full of heartrending laments and bleak glosses on the human condition; many of these poems are now regarded as among his finest. Heine was born to Jewish parents in Dusseldorf, Germany. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Heinrich-Heine-German-author, The Canadian Encyclopedia - Seven Years' War, Heinrich Heine - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), “Zur Geschichte der Religion und Philosophie in Deutschland”. The Book Le Grand”), is a journey into the self, a wittily woven fabric of childhood memory, enthusiasm for Napoleon, ironic sorrow at unhappy love, and political allusion. His critical concern with political and social matters deepened as he watched the development of limited democracy and a capitalist order in the France of the citizen-king, Louis-Philippe. His uncle passed away in 1844, disinheriting him. His father was Samson Heine, a textile merchant. He married her in 1841. Despite his success as a poet and writer, Heine always struggled financially. Ein Wintermarchen’ (Germany. His parents, the drapery merchant Samson Heine and his wife Betty, had four children. As his health started deteriorating, his situation became worse. During these years, then, Heine’s attention turned from “poesy” to writing of contemporary relevance. However, he continued to write his final collections of poems which were ‘Romanzero’ (1851) and ‘Gedichte 1853 und 1854’ (Poems 1853 and 1854). He published two books criticizing the social condition in Germany as well. Heinrich Heine was a German poet, writer and literary critic. However, he never joined any government service nor ever practiced law. Due to his radical political views, the German state banned many of his works.

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